Hukumar PP (Polypropylene kwamitin), kayan polymer wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin masana'antar zamani da kuma aikace-aikacen farar hula, da kuma daidaitawa na sarrafawa. Don zurfin fahimtar yanayin ƙirar PP, dole ne mu fara daga kayan abu na kayan da kuma sannu-sannu, da tsawo {{{{{1} ~} rel Ac 1} {topa} Amintaccen amincin.
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Tsarin kwamitin PP ya tilasta shi da tsarin kwayar halitta da kaddarorin jiki na polypropylene. Polypropylene shine Semi- crystalline thermoplalastic kafa da polymerization polymers tare da methyl na monomer ({{2} Ch₃) a cikin kashin baya. Tsarin kwayar halitta na kwayoyin halitta yana yanke hukunci game da lu'ulu'u na kayan (yawanci 40% -70%). Wannan tsarin yana ba da PP din PP guda uku: nauyi nauyi: mai nauyi nauyi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, sunadarai, da hade da hankali, da hankalin zafin jiki.
Daga hangen nesa na inji, takardar sheka yana da yawa na kusan 0.9 {{7.91 g / cm³ (cm³ g / cm 2} 8 7 (cm³ (cm³ (cm³ 40 {7} 8 7 (cm³ (cm³ (cm³ (cm³ (cm³ 40 {7} 8 7} 8 with (ƙimar ƙarfe 60 tare da ƙari fiber Fiber na gilashi). Hakanan yana nuna kyakkyawan sigar fasali na flexral. Koyaya, ƙarancin motsi na roba (kimanin 1-2 GPa) yana nufin ƙwararrun ɓarna da manyan masu ƙima, don haɓakar zane-zane ko ƙarfin ƙira.
Chemical stability is another major advantage of PP sheet: it is resistant to most acid, alkali, and salt solutions (such as sulfuric acid below 80% concentration and sodium hydroxide at 20%), as well as organic solvents (with a few exceptions, such as concentrated nitric acid and chloroform). This makes it a preferred choice for applications such as chemical tank linings and laboratory countertops. However, it should be noted that high temperatures (>80 digiri) ko tsawan lokacin bayyanar UV na iya haifar da fashewar sarkar kwayoyin, wanda ke haifar da tsufa (ya bayyana). Saboda haka, aikace-aikacen waje suna buƙatar ƙari na masu hana UV ko kayan santsi don kariya.
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Dangini na musamman na zanen gado ya kamata a ɗaure shi a kusa da "aikin da aka yi niyya" da "mahimmancin rashin nasarar." Abubuwan buƙatu na gama gari sun haɗa da kaya {{1} eting, seading, nakasassu, lalata jiki, ko lalata yanayin sunadarai (ESC).
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Lokacin da aka yi amfani da zanen gado a cikin kaya - etara abubuwan haɗin (kamar wallakeps), ƙirar "ƙirar" (adadin ƙazanta) da "kyakkyawan nauyi." A cewar dabarun kayan kayan aiki, matsakaicin ƙyalli na katako mai goyan baya a ƙarƙashin nauyin da aka rarraba a ƙarƙashin {δ / (inda q {modulus na roba, kuma ni ne lokacin inertia na sashen). Saboda darajar low e na PTPs na PP, idan an yi amfani da farantin farantin ido kai tsaye, ƙayyadadden ƙarƙashin mai tsawo zai wuce ko daidai yake da 1/200). Sallutions sun hada da:
Korawar kauri: Ga kowane kauri na kauri, na ƙidaya na kauri da sau 8 (i)} bh³ / 12 na giciye na rectangular {{3} sashe), amma wannan kuma yana kara tsada da nauyi.
• Fadakarwa da karfafa gwiwa: ta latsa zakara / tursasawa mai tsayi (1 / 2-2 / 3 na panet na kauri, tare da karaya da inerlia na tsarin za a iya karuwa da 30% na kasa da inertia na tsarin.
• Haɗin kai tsaye: Haɗawa tare da masu siye kamar fiber gilashi (gf) da carbonat na gilashi (caco₃), ko sanya kayan m karfe (caco₃), ko sanya kayan karfe (Caco₃), ko kuma kayan aikin karfe (caco₃), waɗannan kayan aikin aluminum), waɗannan kayan aikin da ke haifar da haɓaka.
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Ana amfani da bangarorin PP da aka saba amfani dasu a aikace-aikace kamar falling PIPE Flening da akwatin spjiyoyin. Dole ne ƙirar haɗin su dole ne ta magance yanayin zafin ɗaurin polymer. Polypropylene yana da karfin makamashi mai ƙarfi (kimanin 30 mn / m), yana sa ya zama da wahala don samar da ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa tare da adon adonci (kamar epoxy resin). Saboda haka, hanyoyin shiga na zahiri an fi son su a cikin wannan ƙira:
• zafi {{0} irged: Amfani da PP na Melting PTA (da raƙuman ruwa na sama ta amfani da bindiga mai zafi ko haɓaka matakin-attara da 80% na kayan iyaye);
• Clip / olt olt Fareding: Tsarin zane mai filastik, ko amintacce tare da pre {{0} diba da squers da kai don hana jingina na dunƙule don hana jingina da damuwa da fatattaka).
• Seelant - ended: Idan mai daidaitawa ya zama dole, zaɓi wakilin magani na magani), ko kuma amfani da silicone mai magani), ko kuma amfani da silicone m) don cika rata.
3. Tsarin Amfani da Mahalli: Anti {{1} aging da fadada aiki
Don mahalli na musamman (kamar na waje, babban {0- idlymentsments, kuma ƙirar pp), ƙirar pp), ƙirar pp), ƙirar pp ɗin yana buƙatar ƙarin ra'ayi don fadada aiki:
• UV {{0} iren Designanci: Dingara Carbon Black (Kimanin 2%) ko Benzotriazoles na Gidaje daga shekaru 1-2 zuwa sama da shekaru 5.
• Tsarin sarrafawa / antistatic zane: ƙara carbon baƙar fata (5% -10%), carbon nanotubes ƙararraki daga 10¹⁵ω up) zuwa 10⁴-10n⁶ · Sheet) ko a ƙasa 10³ · CALD (Talakawa) Ya dace da kayan aikin kayan aikin lantarki da maganin hana haifuwa a cikin tashoshin gas.
• Antibacterial Design: Loading silver ions, zinc ions, or nano-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) inhibits bacterial growth through photocatalysis or ion release (antibacterial rate >90%). An yi amfani da shi a cikin ayyukan sarrafa abinci da kuma na'urar kiwon lafiya.
3. Gwajin sarrafa fasahar sarrafawa akan zane
Dole ne a daidaita takardar shukar PP ɗin zuwa halayensa. Za'a iya samar da kayan masarufi ta hanyar hanyoyin kamar su allura, lalacewa, da latsa mai sauƙi, amma matakai daban-daban suna aiwatar da takamaiman iyakoki akan bayanan tsarin. Misali:
• Yawan hankali: haƙuri haƙuri na zanen pp na ruwa yawanci ± 0.5mm. Idan ƙirar tana buƙatar daidaitaccen daidaito (misali 0mm), layin haɓaka layin ko mai zuwa (misali, CNC milling) ake buƙata.
• zagaye kusurwa da kusurwa mai kai: sasannin kaifi (r <0.5mm) cikin allura {{1} in sheet shafaffun allura {{1} in sheet shafaffun allura {{1} in sheet shafaffun allura {{1} in sheet sheet shafaffun allura {{1} in sheet shafaffun allura 1 Sabili da haka, duk sasanninta a cikin zane dole ne a zagaye (r ya fi girma ko daidai da 1mm aka ba da shawarar). Bugu da ƙari, idan aiki na sakandare (misali, gefen ciki) ana buƙatar shi, Degewar gefen Ruwa ya zama ya fi girma ko daidai da sau 1.5 da aka yi amfani da shi don hana jijjiga.
• Daidaiɗan hankali: Idan ƙirar ya haɗa da splicing, tabbatar da daidaitaccen bango a cikin haɗin gwiwa (karkacewa ƙasa da 10%). In ba haka ba, filin bakin ciki zai narke da kwarara na farko a lokacin zafi walda, mai yiwuwa hana yankin kauri daga ci gaba mai cikakken ci gaba.
Kammalawa: Tasirin kimiyya daga ka'idar don aikatawa
The design of PP panels is essentially a three-way balance of "material properties, functional requirements, and processing constraints." Masu zanen kaya dole ne su fahimci yanayin kwayoyin polypropylene (kamar tasirin lu'ulu'u), dokokin aiki na tsari (kamar yadda ake ƙarfafa haƙarƙarin fillet) don samun ingantaccen farashi da ƙarfin fillet) don samun ingantaccen farashi da ƙarfin fillet) don samun ingantaccen farashi da inganci yayin tabbatar da ingantaccen aiki. Tare da ci gaba cikin kimantawa na canji (kamar na Nanochogposites da ci gaba da baci {{3} tushen Polypropylene), samar da ka'idodin kayan pp na zamani na fadada yanayin haske da aikace-aikacen aiki.
